Todas as maçãs que você já comeu são clones

2위@pattheplanterhá 6 dias

Grafting of apples has been practised for at least 2300 years. The Greek writer Theophrastus mentioned grafting to produce dwarf apple trees. It was also known to and commonly used by the ancient Romans and Jews. Technically, your statement that apple-growers have been grafting for more than a century is correct. If mutation were such a frequent problem, the cloned grafts would be exhibiting massive changes that make them less desirable in most cases. You do get occasional "sports" due to single mutations and those are sometimes grafted if they are an improvement. They are not frequent. It is surely not the mutation that is the problem with raising tasty apples from seed. Is it not that pollination allows a large variation in the pairing within those many genes to be produced? Even if the pollen comes from the same variety or another commercial variety rather than wild apples. We have selected for minority variations that we want - flavour, sweetness, size. The huge random variability of the sexually-produced seeds does not give great probabilities for a single seedling to have all of those great qualities. However, it does provide the occasional great new apple which then becomes famous and grafted widely. Pippin originally meant an apple grown from seed.번역 보기